Active-active remote configuration of a storage system

ABSTRACT

A method for data storage, including configuring a first logical volume on a first storage system and a second logical volume on a second storage system. The second logical volume is configured as a mirror of the first logical volume, so that the first and second logical volumes form a single logical mirrored volume. The method also includes receiving at the second storage system a command submitted by a host to write data to the logical mirrored volume, and transferring the command from the second storage system to the first storage system without writing the data to the second logical volume. On receipt of the command at the first storage system, the data is written to the first logical volume. Subsequent to writing the data to the first logical volume, the data is mirrored on the second logical volume.

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present Application is a Continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 13,273,367 filed on Oct. 14, 2011, which is a Continuation ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/192,255, now U.S. Pat. No.8,069,322, filed on Aug. 15, 2008, the contents of each incorporatedherein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to data storage, andparticularly to methods and systems for data storage in multiple datastorage systems

BACKGROUND

As data storage systems increase in size and complexity, there may beconflicting demands between the desire to provide systems that have nosingle point of failure, while using all of the resources available.Data systems may be coupled together to provide redundancy. If twostorage systems are coupled to provide access to a common collection ofdata, but only one of the storage systems can be active, then theconfiguration is termed an active-passive coupling. Alternatively, thetwo storage systems may be arranged so that both storage systems may beaccessed at the same time. Such a configuration is termed anactive-active arrangement. Where a choice between the two arrangementsis possible, typically an active-active arrangement may be preferred.

BRIEF SUMMARY

In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for storage isprovided. The method consists of configuring a first logical volume on afirst storage system and a second logical volume on a second storagesystem. The second logical volume is configured as a mirror of the firstlogical volume, so that the first and second logical volumes form asingle logical mirrored volume.

A host submits a command, which is received at the second storagesystem, to write data to the logical mirrored volume. The command istransferred from the second storage system to the first storage systemwithout writing the data to the second logical volume.

On receipt of the command at the first storage system, the data iswritten to the first logical volume, and subsequent to writing the datato the first logical volume, the data is mirrored on the second logicalvolume.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, data storageapparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a first storage systemhaving a first logical volume and a second storage system having asecond logical volume. The second logical volume is configured as amirror of the first logical volume, so that the first and second logicalvolumes form a single logical mirrored volume.

The apparatus also includes a controller that is configured to receiveat the second storage system a command submitted by a host to write datato the logical mirrored volume. The command is transferred from thesecond storage system to the first storage system without writing thedata to the second logical volume. On receipt of the command at thefirst storage system, the data is written to the first logical volume,and subsequent to writing the data to the first logical volume; the datais mirrored on the second logical volume.

In a disclosed embodiment of the present invention, a computer softwareproduct for operating a storage system is provided. The product consistsof a computer-readable medium having program instructions recordedtherein. The instructions, when read by a computer, cause the computerto configure a first logical volume on a first storage system and asecond logical volume on a second storage system. The instructions alsocause the computer to configure the second logical volume as a mirror ofthe first logical volume so that the first and second logical volumesform a single logical mirrored volume. On receipt at the second storagesystem of a command submitted by a host to write data to the logicalmirrored volume, the command is transferred from the second storagesystem to the first storage system without writing the data to thesecond logical volume. On receipt of the command at the first storagesystem, the data is written to the first logical volume, and subsequentto writing the data to the first logical volume; the data is mirrored onthe second logical volume.

The present invention will be more fully understood from the followingdetailed description of the embodiments thereof, taken together with thedrawings in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a storage system, according toan embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of two storage systems that are coupled toeach other, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing steps of a first process for a hostwriting data to a logical volume, and FIG. 4 is a corresponding timelineshowing the timing of the steps of the first process, according toembodiments of the present invention; and

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing steps of a second process for a hostwriting to a logical volume, and FIG. 6 is a corresponding timelineshowing the timing of the steps of the second process, according toembodiments of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Reference is now made to FIG. 1, which shows a schematic block diagramof a storage system 10, according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. System 10 may be configured to have any convenienttopological configuration, including, but not limited to, a storage areanetwork (SAN) configuration or a network attached storage (NAS)configuration. System 10 communicates with one or more hosts 52 by anymeans known in the art, for example, via a network 50 such as theInternet or by a bus, and communication between the system and the hostsmay be by any suitable protocol, such as a TCP/IP (Transmission ControlProtocol/Internet Protocol) protocol, a Fibre Channel protocol, a SCSI(Small Computer System Interface) protocol or an iSCSI (Internet SmallComputer System Interface) protocol. Data is stored within system 10 inlogical units (LUNs), also herein termed logical volumes, comprisingsequences of logical blocks associated with logical addresses (LAs). Thecontents of these blocks is typically stored in a distributed way acrossa group of slow and/or fast access time, non-volatile mass storagedevices 12, assumed here to be disks by way of example. Hosts 52 accessthe data stored in disks 12 via input/output (IO) requests, whichcomprise IO read requests and IO write requests. In an IO read requestthe requested data is read from one or more disks 12 wherein the data isstored. In an IO write request the data is written to one or more disks12.

System 10 may comprise one or more substantially similar interfaces 26which receive IO read and write requests requiring access to disks 12from hosts 52. Each interface 26 may be implemented in hardware and/orsoftware, and may be located in storage system 10 or alternatively inany other suitable location, such as an element of network 50 or one ofhosts 52. Between disks 12 and the interfaces are a multiplicity ofinterim caches 20. Caches 20 are coupled to interfaces 26 by anysuitable fast coupling system known in the art, such as a bus or aswitch, so that each interface is able to communicate with, and transferdata to and from, each cache, which is in turn able to transfer data toand from its sub-group of disks 12 as necessary. By way of example, thecoupling between caches 20 and interfaces 26 is herein assumed to be bya first cross-point switch 14. Interfaces 26 operate substantiallyindependently of each other. Caches 20 and interfaces 26 operate as adata transfer system, transferring data between hosts 52 and disks 12.

Consecutive blocks of a LUN in system 10 are grouped into partitions,whose lengths are typically identical throughout the system. Thus a LUNcomprises consecutive strings of logical partitions which in turncomprise consecutive strings of logical blocks. By way of example, anoverall system controller 25, typically comprising multiple processingunits located in caches 20 and/or interfaces 26, is assumed to operatesystem 10. Typically, the multiple processing units use a collection ofsoftware which is distributed over caches 20 and interfaces 26, andwhich acts as one collective entity. Controller 25 is assumed to operatesystem 10 with the aid of a buffer 27. Inter alia, controller 25 assignslogical unit partitions to each cache 20, so that each cache is able toretrieve data from, and/or store data at, the range of LAs of itsassigned partitions. The ranges are typically chosen so that thecomplete memory address space of disks 12 is covered. Other functions ofcontroller 25 are described below.

The assigned partitions for each cache 20 are typically recorded insubstantially similar tables 19 stored in each interface 26, and eachtable is used by its interface in routing IO requests from hosts 52 tothe caches. Alternatively or additionally, the assigned partitions foreach cache 20 are stored in each interface 26 in terms of asubstantially similar function, or by any other suitable method known inthe art for generating a correspondence between partitions and caches.The correspondence between caches and partitions is referred to asdistribution table 19, and it will be understood here that table 19gives each interface 26 a general overview of the complete cache addressspace of system 10. United States Patent Application Publication No.2005/0015567, titled “Distributed Independent Cache Memory,” which isincorporated herein by reference, describes a method that may be appliedfor generating tables such as table 19.

An IO request to access data is conveyed to a specific cache, and may beserviced by the cache itself, or by disks 12 connected to the cache.Thus, each cache acts on the IO requests conveyed to it substantiallyindependently of the other caches; similarly, each cache communicateswith its respective sub-group of disks substantially independently ofcommunication between other caches and their respective sub-groups. Eachcache 20 comprises a respective set of partition tables 17, specific tothe cache.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of two storage systems 10A and 10B thatare coupled to each other, according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. Storage systems 10A and 10B are both, by way of example,assumed to be generally similar to storage system 10, having generallysimilar elements. In the present disclosure the elements of each storagesystem and its respective hosts are differentiated from each other bythe use of a suffix letter A or B.

Thus, storage system 10A comprises interfaces 26A, caches 20A, massstorage devices 12A, a system controller 25A and buffer 27A. Inaddition, hosts 52A and system 10A are configured to communicate witheach other, so that host 52A can “see,” i.e., communicate with, storageelements, such as logical volumes, of system 10A. Similarly, storagesystem 10B comprises interfaces 26B, caches 20B, mass storage devices12B, a system controller 25B and buffer 27B. Hosts 52B and system 10Bcan communicate with each other, so that hosts 52B can see storageelements of system 10B. For clarity, some of the text describingelements has been omitted from FIG. 2.

A separate operator may manage each storage system. Alternatively, andas assumed herein below, one operator manages both systems. The twostorage systems are coupled to each other, as explained in more detailbelow. The two systems may be close together physically, in which casethey are typically used to increase the availability of storageresources to their hosts. Alternatively, the two systems may bephysically well separated, by distances in a typical range of 100km-1000 km, in which case they are typically used for disaster recovery.In both cases, one system takes over from the other in the event of oneof the systems failing.

At least some of the respective hosts and storage systems are connectedby a network, which may be separate networks, or as assumed here, may bea common network, assumed herein to be network 50. Although network 50may be common, in FIG. 2 there are two depictions of the network toindicate that, except as described below, the two storage systems andtheir hosts are generally independent of each other. Thus, in someembodiments, hosts 52A cannot communicate with system 10B, and hosts 52Bcannot communicate with system 10A. Alternatively, for example in thecase of a failure of one of the systems, hosts 52A and 52B maycommunicate with the remaining “live” system.

As stated above, data is stored in systems 10A and 10B in logicalvolumes, LUNs. In embodiments of the present invention, at least somelogical volumes in system 10A are mirrored by respective logical volumesin system 10B. The mirroring is accomplished via a channel 60 configuredbetween the systems. Channel 60 may use a private or local protocolallowing data transfer between the systems, such a protocol beingconfigured by the operator. Typically, channel 60 is a dedicated secureprivate channel, with a very high bandwidth.

The mirroring of the one or more volumes of system 10A by respectivevolumes in system 10B may be synchronous or asynchronous. In thefollowing description, unless otherwise stated the mirroring is assumedto be synchronous. Those having ordinary skill in the art will be ableto adapt the description, mutatis mutandis, for asynchronous mirroring.

A logical volume LUNA in storage system 10A is assumed to be “owned” bysystem 10A, i.e., may be accessed by controller 25A. A remote logicalvolume LUNB in storage system 10B is assumed to be owned by system 10B,i.e., may be accessed by controller 25B. LUNA is mirrored to LUNB, andthe two volumes represent a single mirrored volume MV. In someembodiments of the present invention, at creation of a logical volume bythe operator, the operator also assigns a primary system that is able tooperate the mirrored volume, and may also assign one or more secondarysystems that are able to operate the volume with permission from theprimary system. By way of example, in the following description, exceptwhere otherwise indicated, logical mirrored volume MV is assumed to havesystem 10A as its primary system and system 10B as a secondary system.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart 80 showing steps of a process for host 52A writingdata to mirrored volume MV, and FIG. 4 is a corresponding timelineshowing the timing of the steps of the process, according to embodimentsof the present invention. The process assumes that the data written toMV is synchronously mirrored on LUNA and LUNB.

In a first step 82 host 52A generates a command to write data to MV. Ina transmit step 84 the host transmits the command to system 10A.

In a write data step 86 controller 25A, in the primary system of MV,writes the data to LUNA. In a confirmation step 88, controller 25Achecks that the data has been correctly written, and stores aconfirmation of the writing in buffer 27A.

In an inter-system transmit step 90 controller 25A transmits the writedata command, via channel 60, to system 10B to initiate the mirroringprocess. Since system 10B is a secondary system of MV, controller 25Aalso transmits a permission to write to LUNB to system 10B.

In a write mirroring step 92 controller 25B writes the data to LUNB.Controller 25B checks that the data has been correctly written.

In an inter-system confirmation step 96, controller 25B sendsconfirmation to system 10A that the data has been written to LUNBcorrectly. In a store confirmation step 98, controller 25A stores theconfirmation from system 10B in buffer 27A.

In a final step 100, implemented when buffer 27A has confirmations thatthe data has been written to LUNA and LUNB, controller 25A transmits anacknowledgment that the write command has been successfully completed tohost 52A.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart 120 showing steps of a process for host 52Bwriting to mirrored volume MV, and FIG. 6 is a corresponding timelineshowing the timing of the steps of the process, according to embodimentsof the present invention. The process assumes that the primary systemfor MV has been set to be system 10A, and that system 10B is set as asecondary system. Thus, controller 25B may not write to LUNB withoutpermission from system 10A.

In a first step 122, host 52B generates a command to write data tomirrored volume MV. In a transmit step 124 the host transmits the writecommand to system 10B.

In an inter-system transmit step 126, system 10B, since it is asecondary system of MV, does not have permission to write to LUNB.Consequently, system 10B transmits the write command to system 10A.

In a write step 128, controller 25A interprets the command to write tomirrored volume MV as a command to write the data to LUNA. Controller25A in the primary system of MV writes the data to LUNA.

In a confirmation step 130, controller 25A checks that the data has beencorrectly written to LUNA and generates a confirmation of the commitmentof the data.

In an inter-system transmit step 132, controller 25A transmits theconfirmation to system 10B, and in a store step 134, controller 25Bstores the confirmation in buffer 27B. In an inter-system transmitmirror command step 136, controller 25A transmits the write data commandto system 10B, so that data which in step 128 has been stored in LUNAwill be mirrored by LUNB. In addition, controller 25A transmits apermission to write to LUNB to controller 25B.

In a write mirroring step 138, controller 25B writes the data to LUNBand checks that the data has been correctly written. In a confirmationstep 139, system 10B sends a confirmation to system 10A that the datahas been correctly written in system 10B. In addition, in a storeconfirmation step 140, the controller stores confirmation that the datahas been correctly written in buffer 27B.

In an acknowledgment step 141, system 10A acknowledges to system 10B ofthe confirmation received in step 139.

In a final step 142, implemented when buffer 27B has confirmation thatthe data has been written to LUNA and LUNB, controller 25B transmits anacknowledgment to host 52B that the write command to MV has successfullycompleted.

The processes described by FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 illustrate that mirroredvolume MV is visible to all hosts.

The process described by FIGS. 5 and 6 reflects a synchronousrelationship between systems 10A and 10B. The synchronicity is reflectedin steps 130-140. Substantially the same process may work in anasynchronous relationship, whereby the steps 132-140 are either queuedto execute as a parallel process, or are managed by a controller'salgorithm for asynchronous data mirroring. In a synchronousrelationship, if one of the systems fails, all operations are routedthrough the remaining “live” system. If the relationship isasynchronous, then the remaining live system is typically locked whenthe other system fails, and may be unlocked after a notice has beengiven, or when the systems have been synchronized up to the point offailure.

Consideration of the above description shows that LUNA is mirrored byLUNB, while the unified logical image MV may be written to by hostscoupled to both systems, system 10A and system 10B. The abovedescription has assumed that access to LUNA and LUNB is by way of awrite request, and illustrates that system 10B is effectively used as aproxy for transferring commands. It will be apparent to those havingordinary skill in the art that read requests to MV may be handled insubstantially the same manner as is described here for write requests.Thus, read requests arriving at system 10B use system 10B as a proxy tosend the requests to system 10A, where they are executed in generallythe same way as has been described for write requests. Consequently,LUNA and LUNB are in an active-active configuration for access thatcomprises both read and write requests. As will be appreciated by oneskilled in the art, the present invention may be embodied as a system,method or computer program product. Accordingly, the present inventionmay take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirelysoftware embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code,etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that mayall generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or“system.” Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of acomputer program product embodied in any tangible medium of expressionhaving computer usable program code embodied in the medium.

Any combination of one or more computer usable or computer readablemedium(s) may be utilized. The computer-usable or computer-readablemedium may be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic,optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus,device, or propagation medium. More specific examples (a non-exhaustivelist) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: anelectrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computerdiskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory(ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flashmemory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory(CDROM), an optical storage device, a transmission media such as thosesupporting the Internet or an intranet, or a magnetic storage device.Note that the computer-usable or computer-readable medium could even bepaper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, asthe program can be electronically captured, via, for instance, opticalscanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted, orotherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then storedin a computer memory. In the context of this document, a computer-usableor computer-readable medium may be any medium that can contain, store,communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or inconnection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.The computer-usable medium may include a propagated data signal with thecomputer-usable program code embodied therewith, either in baseband oras part of a carrier wave. The computer usable program code may betransmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited towireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc.

Computer program code for carrying out operations of the presentinvention may be written in any combination of one or more programminglanguages, including an object oriented programming language such asJava, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programminglanguages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programminglanguages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer,partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partlyon the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely onthe remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remotecomputer may be connected to the user's computer through any type ofnetwork, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network(WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (forexample, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).

The present invention is described herein with reference to flow chartillustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) andcomputer program products according to embodiments of the invention. Itwill be understood that each block of the flow chart illustrationsand/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flow chartillustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computerprogram instructions. These computer program instructions may beprovided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purposecomputer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce amachine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor ofthe computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, createmeans for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchartand/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in acomputer-readable medium that can direct a computer or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus to function in a particularmanner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readablemedium produce an article of manufacture including instruction meanswhich implement the function/act specified in the flow charts and/orblock diagram block or blocks.

The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer orother programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series ofoperational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmableapparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that theinstructions which execute on the computer or other programmableapparatus provide processes for implementing the functions/actsspecified in the flow charts and/or block diagram block or blocks.

The flow charts and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflow charts or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, orportion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be notedthat, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in theblock may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, twoblocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantiallyconcurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverseorder, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be notedthat each block of the block diagrams and/or flow chart illustrations,and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flow chartillustrations, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-basedsystems that perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations ofspecial purpose hardware and computer instructions.

It will thus be appreciated that the embodiments described above arecited by way of example, and that the present invention is not limitedto what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather,the scope of the present invention includes both combinations andsub-combinations of the various features described hereinabove, as wellas variations and modifications thereof which would occur to personsskilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description and that arenot disclosed in the prior art.

1. A method for storing data in a clustered network comprising a firststorage system including a first logical volume and a second storagesystem including a second logical volume in communication with the firststorage system, the method comprising: receiving, at the second storagesystem, from a host a command to write data to the second logicalvolume; transmitting, by the second storage system, the command to thefirst storage system; writing, by the first storage system, the data tothe first logical volume; transmitting, by the first storage system, awrite permission to the second storage system; receiving, by the secondstorage system, the write permission; and writing, by the second storagesystem, the data to the second logical volume in response to receivingthe write permission, wherein: the second storage system does not writethe data to the second logical volume prior to receiving the writepermission, and the first storage system writes the data to the firstlogical volume without permission.
 2. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: generating, by the first storage system, a firstconfirmation that the data is written to the first logical volume; andtransmitting, by the first storage system, the first confirmation to thesecond storage system.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the firstconfirmation is transmitted before the write permission.
 4. The methodof claim 2, further comprising: storing, by the second storage system,the first confirmation. generating, by the second storage system, asecond confirmation that the data is written to the second logicalvolume; storing, by the second storage system, the second confirmation;and transmitting, by the second storage system, the second confirmationto the first storage system.
 5. The method of claim 4, furthercomprising: receiving, by the first storage system, the secondconfirmation; generating, by the first storage system, a firstacknowledgement of receipt of the second confirmation; and transmitting,by the first storage system, the first acknowledgement to the secondstorage system.
 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: receiving,by the second storage system, the first acknowledgement; generating, bythe second storage system, a second acknowledgement indicating that thedata is written to the first logical volume and to the second logicalvolume; and transmitting, by the second storage system, the secondacknowledgement to the host.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the hostis in communication with the second storage system and not incommunication with the first storage system.
 8. A clustered network,comprising: a first storage system comprising a first logical volume;and a second storage system comprising a second logical volume incommunication with the first storage system, the clustered network for:receiving, at the second storage system, from a host a command to writedata to the second logical volume, transmitting, by the second storagesystem, the command to the first storage system, writing, by the firststorage system, the data to the first logical volume, transmitting, bythe first storage system, a write permission to the second storagesystem, receiving, by the second storage system, the write permission,and writing, by the second storage system, the data to the secondlogical volume in response to receiving the write permission, wherein:the second storage system does not write the data to the second logicalvolume prior to receiving the write permission, and the first storagesystem writes the data to the first logical volume without permission.9. The clustered network of claim 8, wherein the clustered network isfurther for: generating, by the first storage system, a firstconfirmation that the data is written to the first logical volume; andtransmitting, by the first storage system, the first confirmation to thesecond storage system.
 10. The clustered network of claim 9, wherein theclustered network transmits the first confirmation before transmittingthe write permission.
 11. The clustered network of claim 9, wherein theclustered network is further for: storing, by the second storage system,the first confirmation. generating, by the second storage system, asecond confirmation that the data is written to the second logicalvolume; storing, by the second storage system, the second confirmation;and transmitting, by the second storage system, the second confirmationto the first storage system.
 12. The clustered network of claim 11,wherein the clustered network is further for: receiving, by the firststorage system, the second confirmation; generating, by the firststorage system, a first acknowledgement of receipt of the secondconfirmation; and transmitting, by the first storage system, the firstacknowledgement to the second storage system.
 13. The clustered networkof claim 12, wherein the clustered network is further for: receiving, bythe second storage system, the first acknowledgement; generating, by thesecond storage system, a second acknowledgement indicating that the datais written to the first logical volume and to the second logical volume;and transmitting, by the second storage system, the secondacknowledgement to the host.
 14. The clustered network of claim 13,wherein the host is in communication with the second storage system andnot in communication with the first storage system.
 15. A non-transitorycomputer-readable medium comprising a computer program product methodfor storing data in a clustered network comprising a first storagesystem including a first logical volume and a second storage systemincluding a second logical volume in communication with the firststorage system, the non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising:computer code for receiving, at the second storage system, from a host acommand to write data to the second logical volume; computer code fortransmitting, by the second storage system, the command to the firststorage system; computer code for writing, by the first storage system,the data to the first logical volume; computer code for transmitting, bythe first storage system, a write permission to the second storagesystem; computer code for receiving, by the second storage system, thewrite permission; and computer code for writing, by the second storagesystem, the data to the second logical volume in response to receivingthe write permission, wherein: the second storage system does not writethe data to the second logical volume prior to receiving the writepermission, and the first storage system writes the data to the firstlogical volume without permission.
 16. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 15, further comprising: computer code for generating, by the firststorage system, a first confirmation that the data is written to thefirst logical volume; and computer code for transmitting, by the firststorage system, the first confirmation to the second storage system. 17.The computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the first confirmationis transmitted before the write permission.
 18. The computer-readablemedium of claim 16, further comprising: computer code for storing, bythe second storage system, the first confirmation. computer code forgenerating, by the second storage system, a second confirmation that thedata is written to the second logical volume; computer code for storing,by the second storage system, the second confirmation; and computer codefor transmitting, by the second storage system, the second confirmationto the first storage system.
 19. The computer-readable medium of claim18, further comprising: computer code for receiving, by the firststorage system, the second confirmation; computer code for generating,by the first storage system, a first acknowledgement of receipt of thesecond confirmation; and computer code for transmitting, by the firststorage system, the first acknowledgement to the second storage system.20. The computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising:computer code for receiving, by the second storage system, the firstacknowledgement; computer code for generating, by the second storagesystem, a second acknowledgement indicating that the data is written tothe first logical volume and to the second logical volume; and computercode for transmitting, by the second storage system, the secondacknowledgement to the host, wherein the host is in communication withthe second storage system and not in communication with the firststorage system.